西方生态马克思主义思想探析

作为西方马克思主义发展中的一个思想流派,生态马克思主义产生于对生态困境的新思考。生态马克思主义对马克思主义自然观进行了深入分析,在人类与自然之间的关系方面,反对生态中心主义和人类中心主义,寻求一种适中的中间状态,即一种弱人类中心主义;生态马克思主义延续了传统马克思主义的批判精神,生态批判只是出发点,重点在于对资本主义制度的批判,将其视为引起生态危机的终极根源,从而以生态社会主义取而代之;生态马克思主义对传统马克思主义既有传承和延伸,又有批评和曲解,需要批判地借鉴。

An Exploration into the Ecological Marxism in the West

With the development of western Marxism,ecological Marxism,as a school of thought,derives from the new reflections on the current ecological dilemma.Ecological Marxism deeply analyzes Marxist views on nature.In terms of the relation between human beings and nature,ecological Marxism argues against ecocentrism and anthropocentrism,and seeks out a moderate middle state-weak anthropocentrism.With ecologi-cal criticism as its starting point,ecological Marxism continues the critical spirit of traditional Marxism,and focuses on denouncing capitalism which is considered as the ultimate root of the ecological crisis,hence the need to be replaced by ecological socialism.Ecological Marxism not only inherits and extends traditional Marxism,but also criticizes and distorts it,so we must learn from ecological Marxism with a critical attitude.