日本经济高速发展时期的教育政策述评

在日本经济起飞到经济大国地位确立的20年里,日本政府和产业界完全以经济增长为依据规划和发展教育。在严格的工具理性和市场竞争规则的指导下,学校教育成了残酷地甄别和选拔学生的阶梯。经济的高速增长和技术革新,极大地改变了战后初期在美国占领军的指导下建立起来的以自由、平等和地方分权为特征的民主主义教育。在这种教育政策的引导下,日本教育出现了诸如校历主义、考试地狱、个性缺乏和教育荒废等目前急需改革的课题。

A Review on the Educanonal Policy during the Economic Miracle Periodof Japan

From 1950s to 1970s, Japan made an economic miracle in the world. During this period, Japanese government and the industrial circle made its educational policy only on the basis of economic development. Under the guidance of market competition principle, school education became a grim ladder of screening students. Advanced e-conomic development and technical revolution greatly changed the spirit of the democratic school system which was established during the occupation period after the Second World War. This kind of educational policy led to a number of problems in education.