楚竹书《孔子诗论》与《诗经》研究有关的几个问题

由楚竹书孔子论诗来看,过去人们关于《诗经》的一些争议和疑议可以得到澄清。孔子只按风雅颂来讲授诗的思想内容,而未言及赋比兴,可见赋比兴并非诗之“异体”;关于雅命名之意义的说法中,《毛诗序》讲的合于编诗古义;竹书证明,司马迁关于孔子整理诗的说法是可信的,《毛诗序》与司马迁关于孔子编诗之义的说法是有根据的。

Some Issues Related to the Studies of the Poetry and Confucius' Comments on the Poetry Inscribed on the Bamboo Slips of Chu

By Confucius' comments inscribed on the bamboo slips of Chu on the poetry,some disputes and doubts concerning the Classic of Poetry in the past could be clarified.Confucius thaught the Poetry only by the clarification of Feng,Ya,and Song(three styles that make up the book) without mentioning the three styles of Fu,Bi and Xing(figures of speech),and thus it can be seen that the three figures are not the "variants" of the Poetry.According to Confucius' comments on the common practice of different states and certain documents transmitted,the Feng refers to the poems on the states and the authors include both commoners and nobles.As for the meaning of the name of Ya,what the Preface to Mao's Commentaries On the Poetry had elucidated was more pertinent.By the bamboo slips of Chu,SI-MA Qian's records about Confucius' sorting out the Poeoy are credible and the saying of Confucius' purpose by SI-MA Qian and the Preface to Mao's Commentaries on the Poetry in compiling the poetry has solid foundations.