从关怀伦理到人的权益保护——以新药临床试验中的受试者为例

新药临床试验是新药研发过程中不可或缺的一个环节。受试者在接受临床试验的过程中极易受到伤害，他们的权益保护问题是新药研发过程必须正视的伦理问题。文章将关怀伦理作为解决此问题的思路．从女性的“普遍性体验”切入，将“关系自我”作为受试者权益保护的本体论基础，探讨受试者权益保护的伦理依据，由此得出的基本结论是：“关注他人”是受试者权益保护的内在要求，“情感移情”是受试者权益保护的实践诉求。这一理路对于更广泛意义上人的权益保护具有借鉴价值。

On the Human Subject Protection in the New Drug Clinical Trial from the Ethics of Care

The clinical trial is an indispensable hnk in the new drug research and development （R＆D）, in which subjects are extremely vulnerable, and the human subject protection is an ethical issue in the new drug R＆D process. In this paper, considering the ethics of care as a solution to this problem and the ＂relation self＂ as its ontological basis, starting from the women＇s ＂common experience＂, we explore the ethical basis for protection of the subjects. We conclude that ＂concerning for others＂ is the inherent requirement of the protection, and ＂emotional empathy ＂ is the subject practice demands of the protection. It is of great value for human rights protection in a broad sense.