士大夫与地方士绅:论后村词的双重视野

在南宋中后期古典文学向世俗文学转变的过程中，士人阶层的分化与身份转型比如“地方士绅”“江湖游士”一度受到学界关注，南宋后期文坛宗主刘克庄因拥有多重身份而备受瞩目。以往多将其视为辛派中人，但与稼轩词“英雄失路”不同，后村词多表现南宋政治乱象下衰世式的“英雄失志”，频繁抒发的归隐之志也流于形式。在地方世界中，以词频繁酬赠带有经营地方人际网络和游戏文字的意图，但士大夫文学传统仍然制约着士人创作惯性，频繁使用的典故、理学话语与其内在情志的贫瘠反而形成更高层次的矛盾，与梦窗词有着内在的时代共性。后村词中的多重视野显示了南宋后期词体中士大夫精神的衰退与挣扎，与南宋后期文学世俗化遥相呼应。 

Bureaucrat and Local Elite:The Double Prospect of the Houcun Ci

In the process of the transformation from classical literature to secular literature in the middle and later period of the Southern Song Dynasty, Liu Kezhuang has attracted much attention because of multiple identities. In the past, he was regarded as a member of Xin School, but his Ci mostly expressed the “hero's lost ambition”, and had the characteristics of running local interpersonal networks and game articles. However, the literary tradition still restricts the literati's creative inertia. The frequent use of allusions, Neo Confucianism discourses and their inner emotional barrenness form a higher level of contradiction, which has inherent time commonality with Mengchuang Ci. The conflicts of multiple perspectives in Ci showed the struggle of the Literati Spirit, echoing the secularization of literature in the late Southern Song Dynasty.