工科大学生实践技能短缺的制度分析

实践是工程教育的根本和灵魂，是培养工科大学生工程意识、工程能力的源泉。但目前我国工科大学生的实践技能并不能满足企业对工程人才的需要，这一短缺的现状与高校工科教师评价、课程设置的及企业实习的“非工化”等制度安排不无关系。文章在制度分析基础上探讨了相关制约因素，并从教师管理制度、实践教学制度和企业实习制度三个方面提出了相应制度建构。 

The Institutional Analysis of the Shortage of Engineering Students' Practical Skills

Practice is the fundamental and soul of engineering education, which is the source of engineering students’ engineering consciousness and engineering ability. At present, the engineering students’ practical skills cannot meet the needs of enterprises for engineering talents. The shortages of practical skills correlate with “no engineering” in the evaluation of the universities’ teachers, in the curriculum, and the enterprise practice. Based on the analysis of the above three aspects, the paper puts forward the corresponding improvements of the three following systems: teacher management system, practical teaching system, and internship system.