福州市社区空巢老年人健康状况调查

目的了解空巢老年人的健康现状及其影响因素,为老龄工作提供科学依据。方法2002年4~5月进行入户调查,采用分层整群抽取福州市鼓楼、台江、仓山三个区60岁及以上的社区老年人,共得到有效样本1767例,其中空巢老人696名。空巢老人躯体健康、生活自理能力(ADL)、经济状况、精神健康、社会健康5个维度的健康状况及其影响因素的调查是本次研究的主要内容。结果福州市社区空巢老年人占老年人总体比例的39%,其中男性多于女性;由logistic检验得出空巢老年人健康状况受年龄、性别、原职业、是否赞成非家庭养老方式、锻炼程度等因素的影响。结论倡导空巢老年人形成良好的生活饮食习惯与自我保健意识,加强对空巢老年人慢性病的防治,丰富老年人的精神生活、社会生活,提高对空巢老年人经济支持,完善社区为老服务,从而改善空巢老年人的健康状况。

An Investigation on the Health State of Empty-nested Elderly People in the Community of Fuzhou

Objective To make clear the health status of empty-nested elderly people in Fuzhou and influential factors,and to provide scientific foundation for the work for elderly people.Methods From April to May in 2002,with stratified cluster sampling,we investigated 1 767 people aged 60 and over living in Gulou,Taijiang and Cangshan districts of Fuzhou.We mainly researched the health status of the 696 empty-nested elderly people((including) physical health,activities of daily life,economic status,mental and social health),and the related influential factors.Results The study shows that the empty-nested elderly people account for 39% of all the senior citizens in Fuzhou,with males more than females.By means of logistic-testing,we can find the health status of them is affected by age,gender,(original) occupation,the attitude to institutionalization and the frequency of doing physical exercises.Conclusion It should be advocated for empty-nested elderly people to develop a reasonable living & eating habit,and a sense of self health care.The prevention and treatment of their chronic diseases also ought to be enhanced.The enrichment of their mental and social life,the improvement of the financial support and services in the community specially provided for them,along with the means mentioned above,are regarded to help to better their health state.