土地经营权抵押的制约与创新

出租是土地经营权流向家庭农场的主要方式，租赁权是家庭农场土地权利的主要构成部分。租赁权不属于依法可以抵押的财产，决定了土地经营权抵押不能解决大多数家庭农场的融资困难。土地经营权抵押的制约因素还包括土地经营权流转市场不完善、土地经营权严格的转让条件、土地经营权的用途管制等。土地经营收益权是土地经营权人或者土地经营权租赁合同的承租人依法享有的收取自然孳息的权利。土地经营收益权质押在主体范围、设立难度、权利实现和农业经营等方面，远比土地经营权抵押更具优势。土地经营收益权质押为解决家庭农场的融资困境提供了新的思路，并在我国新型农业经营主体的培育和发展的实践中进一步完善。

Handicap and Innovation of Land Management Right Mortgage

Rental is one of the main ways of land management right flowing to family farm, and lease is the main part of land rights of family farm. As lease is not a property under mortgage, land management right mortgage can not solve the financing difficulty of most family farms. The handicaps of land management right mortgage include imperfect market, rigorous transfer condition and application control of land management right. Land management income right represents a kind of right, with which land management right holder or lessee of lease contract of land management right can collect natural fruits according to law. Land management income right mortgage has many advantages over land management right mortgage, including subject range, setting difficulty, realization of right and agricultural management. A new idea to solve financing dilemma of family farm will be provided by land management income right mortgage, which should be perfected through fostering and developing new agricultural management entities in China.