论精准扶贫政策的不精准执行

精准扶贫政策在执行中存在着明显的不精准执行现象，表现为识别不精准、帮扶不精准、管理不精准和考核不精准等问题。立足于基层组织的视角，考察精准扶贫政策的不精准执行问题。基层组织在运动式治理和官僚体制的双重规制和压力下，面临着一系列的执行约束，基层治理资源有限、权责不匹配、压力考核等因素影响了基层干部的政策定位与具体执行。在国家治理转型的背景下，国家、基层组织和农民三者之间的关系发生改变，基层组织承担的任务剧烈增长，并接受来自国家与农民的双重压力和监督。在双重挤压之下，基层组织表现出权威导向的选择性治理、风险规避的规范化治理和硬任务的软执行，严重影响了基层组织的治理能力和政策的执行能力。为了避免国家资源浪费和政策执行偏差，各级政府在实施精准扶贫政策时，应当在资源投放上注重分寸，执行政策时切合实际，对下考核时留存自主空间，从而保障精准扶贫政策有效落地。

Discussion on Implementation Deviation of Precise Poverty Alleviation Policy

This article analyzed the phenomena of inaccurate execution in policy of precise poverty alleviation, such as inaccurate recognition, inaccurate support, inaccurate management and inaccurate assessment. It studied question of imprecise policy implementation of precise poverty alleviation in the perspective of grass-roots organizations. Under the dual pressure of campaign-style governance and bureaucracy, grass-roots organizations are facing a series of execution constraints: limit of grassroots governance resources, mismatch of responsibility and authority accountability, pressure of assessment, and above constraints affected policy orientation and policy implementation. In the context of the transformation of national governance, the relations among central authority, grass-roots organizations and farmers had changed, grass-roots organizations had charged with tasks growth rabidly, and burdened double stress and supervision from the superiors and farmers. Therefore, grassroots organizations exhibited selectivity governance guide by authoritative, standardized governance for risk aversion and soft execution of hard task, and affected the grassroots organization''s governance capacity and execution capacity.In order to avoid national resources waste and policy implementation bias, governments at all levels should serve in proportion of resources, implement policies in line with reality, leave independent space in assessment in the implementation of accurate anti-poverty policies, and ensure policy of precise poverty alleviation effectively landing.