乡村振兴战略下粮食供给面临的困境与出路

扛稳粮食安全重任是实施乡村振兴战略的首要任务,推进粮食产业可持续发展是促进乡村产业兴旺的重要前提。当前粮食供给面临资源环境约束趋紧、种粮效益持续下降、农业劳动力转移、国际竞争力弱、支持保护政策空间有限等突出问题。提高粮食综合生产能力,保障粮食供给,同时注重产量结构与质量效益的全面提升,既是基于国情和发展阶段的必然选择,也是应对复杂多变的国际形势以及在日趋激烈的国际竞争中掌握主动权的必要条件。为细化和落实粮食安全新战略目标,提出构建新型粮食供给体系的思路与具体路径:从保供给向绿色可持续转变;从小而散经营向多种形式的适度规模经营转变;从价补合一向价补分离转变;从注重产量向注重质量效益转变。采取多种措施综合应对,构建更有保障、更高质量、更高效率的粮食供给体系,切实确保粮食安全。

Difficulties and Solutions of Ensuring Food Supply Under the Rural Revitalization Strategy

Ensuring food security is the primary task of implementing the rural revitalization strategy.Promoting the sustainable development of the grain industry is an important prerequisite for promoting the prosperity of rural industries.At present,the grain supply is facing serious problems such as tightening of resources and environment,continuous decline in grain income,shifting of agricultural labor,weak international competitiveness,and limited space for support and protection policies.To improve the comprehensive production capacity of grain,we should not only pay attention to the improvement of yield and structure,but also focus on the improvement of quality and efficiency,which is an inevitable choice based on national conditions and current development stage.It is also a necessary condition for coping with the complicated international situation and for taking the initiative in the increasingly fierce international competition.In order to refine and implement the new strategic goal of food security,this paper proposes the idea and specific path of building the new food supply system:transfer from sustainable supply to green sustainable,from small scale and scattered form to moderate scale of various forms,from“combination of price and supplement”to“separation of price and subsidies”,and from focusing on production to focusing on quality and efficiency.It is proposed to accelerate the adoption of various measures to build a more secure,higher quality and more efficient food supply system to ensure food security.