深度贫困地区多维贫困测度与反贫困路径探析

深度贫困地区的脱贫不仅是我国2020年打赢脱贫攻坚战的难点和焦点，也是实现乡村振兴与全面建成小康社会的关键。对深度贫困地区多维贫困人口的精准识别和多维贫困的准确测度是有效攻克贫困、实现脱贫攻坚任务的重要环节。基于秦巴山集中连片深度贫困区1325份农户家庭微观调查数据，运用A F指数和反向传播神经网络法对深度贫困地区多维贫困进行了测算和分析，发现深度贫困地区存在明显的交叉性与多维性贫困，致贫原因亦复杂多样。依据测算结果，有针对性地提出深度贫困地区的反贫困路径：加强深度贫困地区基础设施建设，改善深度贫困区生活条件；积极发展深度贫困地区教育，提升深度贫困区人力资本水平；完善深度贫困地区农村健康网络，强化深度贫困区农村医疗服务体系；完善深度贫困地区农村社会保障制度，确实做到社保兜底；促进深度贫困地区劳动力流动，拓宽深度贫困区农村居民收入渠道；重视深度贫困地区综合发展，有计划地推进深度贫困区乡村振兴。

Multidimensional Poverty Measure and Analysis of Anti poverty Path in Deep Poverty Areas Based on the Strategic Perspective of Rural Revitalization

Poverty alleviation in the deep poverty areas is not only the difficulty and focus of China to win the poverty eradication war in 2020, but also the key to realizing rural revitalization and building a well off society in an all round way.Concentrated poor areas are the main areas of deep poverty facing China in its current poverty alleviation.Accurate identification of its multidimensional poor population and accurate assessment of multidimensional poverty are the important links to effectively overcome deep poverty and achieve the task of poverty alleviation.Based on the micro survey data of 1 325 households in the concentrated poor areas of Qinba Mountains,this paper uses the A F index and the back propagation method to measure and analyze multidimensional poverty in deep poverty areas.It is found that there are obvious intersectional and multidimensional poverty in deep poverty areas,and the causes of poverty are diversified and complicated.According to the result,the paper puts forward the anti poverty path of the deep poverty area from the aspects of strengthening infrastructure construction,developing education,consolidating health care network,improving social security system,enhancing labor flow,and advancing integrated development et al.