目标群体参与精准扶贫政策执行的现实困境与治理策略

精准扶贫政策执行是将脱贫政策目标转化为现实的过程,要求从公共政策视角审视目标群体参与对于精准扶贫政策执行的意义。研究表明目标群体参与精准扶贫政策执行有利于其认同、配合及监督政策执行,促使精准扶贫政策目标“零偏差”的实现。但受传统政治文化束缚、目标群体政策参与意识和能力不足、政策信息公开度较低以及制度化参与渠道或方式阙如等因素制约,当前精准扶贫政策执行过程中存在贫困识别阶段形式化参与、帮扶贫困户阶段被动式参与以及脱贫考核阶段参与失灵等问题。为此,可以考虑采取塑造参与型政治文化、提高目标群体参与意识和能力、加大政策执行信息公开力度以及拓宽目标群体制度化参与渠道和方式等治理策略,走出政策执行过程中贫困户参与不足的困境。

The Value Implication, Realistic Dilemma and Governance Strategy of the Target Group Participating in the Implementation of Targeted Poverty Alleviation Policy

The implementation of targeted poverty alleviation policy is a process of transforming the goal of poverty alleviation policy into a policy reality.It requires us to examine the significance and impact of target group participation in the implementation of targeted poverty alleviation policy from the perspective of public policy.The research shows that the participation of the target group in the implementation of targeted poverty alleviation policy helps to identify,cooperate and supervise the implementation and achieve the goal of targeted poverty alleviation policy completely. However,due to the traditional political culture,the lack of awareness and ability of target group policy participation,the low degree of openness of policy information,and the limited institutionalized participation channels or methods,etc.There have been several problems in the current implementation of targeted poverty alleviation policy,such as the superficial participation in the poverty identification stage,passive participation in the poverty alleviation stage and inefficient participation in the poverty assessment stage.For this reason,we can consider shaping the participatory political culture, raising the awareness and ability of the target group to participate,increasing the information disclosure of policy implementation,and broadening the institutionalized participation channels of the target groups.Only in this way can we get out of the plight of poor households participation in the implementation of targeted poverty alleviation policy.