公共知识分子的话语突围——论上海时期鲁迅杂文的“公共性”

上海时期的鲁迅脱离教授和官员的身份,成为一个自由撰稿人,同时,上海更加繁荣的报刊业以及政治上的特殊性,使鲁迅后期的杂文更具有公共性。其杂文写作表现为一个公共知识分子面对革命话语、自由主义知识分子话语、商业化文人话语与官方知识分子权威话语时的一种"话语突围"。在这个过程中,他以"人话"的审视为起点,始终坚持"立人思想",秉持"立人话语",始终关注的是公共事务背后的知识/权力关系,其杂文写作本身就是一种话语实践。

Discourse Breakthrough of Public intellectuals: Political Interpretation of Lu Xun's Essays in his Late Period

Lu Xun,when in Shanghai,freed himself from his professorship and official status,and became a freelance writer.In addition,the prosperity of the industry of the newspapers and journals in Shanghai then and the particularity in politics made Lu Xun's essays more public.His essays show that he,as a public intellectual,tried to achieve breakthrough in discourse when surrounded by the mixture of the revolution discourse,liberalism intellectual discourse,commercialized scholars' discourse,and the official intellectuals' discourse.In this process,he took the "discourse of human beings" as the starting point,and insisted on the "thought of establishing human beings" and "the discourse of establishing human beings." He was always concerned about the relationship between knowledge and power behind the public affairs.His essay writing itself is a practice of discourse.