印度农业贸易自由化改革 ———基于粮食安全的视角分析

本文回顾了印度独立后农业发展所经历的四个阶段，并对这期间农业政策取得的成就和存在的主要问题进行了总结。然后重点探讨了印度贸易自由化改革的经验及其对农业增长、贫困削减和粮食安全的影响。研究发现，农业贸易自由化改革促进了农业的发展，并使农业内部的生产结构向增加高附加值产品生产的方向转变。贫困人口和贫困发生率在不断下降。在粮食安全方面，人们的粮食物质上的可获性已经得到满足，但粮食经济上的可获性还没有得到完全满足。今后可以通过大力发展农村非农部门来增加就业和削减贫困，并最终实现粮食安全的目标。

India Agricultural Trade Liberal ization Reform: Based on Perspective Analysis of Food Security

This paper reviewed the four development phases of Indian agriculture after independence, and summarized the success and the main problems of India＇s agricultural policies during this period. The thesis discussed mainly the Indian reform experience of agricultural trade policy liberalization, and examined its effect on agricultural growth, poverty elimina- tion and food security in particular. The research shows that trade liberalization reform not only has promoted the development of Indian agriculture, but also realized the transformation of agricultural production structure in the direction＇ of improving high additional value products. The amount of poverty population decreased and the poverty incidence also reduced. As for the food security in India, we can say that the requirement of physical availability has already been fully met at present, however the availability of grain economy has not. In order to increase employment, reduce poverty and realize the target of food security in the end, the author suggests to greatly develop non-farming industries in the rural area.