跨文化交际能力的基本因素研究

为了探索影响跨文化交际能力的因素,促进不同文化间的跨文化交际,减少因文化不同而带来的交际失误,采用Hofstede所提出的“文化二”中的“大脑软件”方法,结合当前大学跨文化教育的现状和问题,深入研究了培养跨文化交际能力的因素。研究结果表明:成功地进行跨文化交际的先决条件是熟练驾驭外语语言的能力;跨文化交际的必要条件是掌握特定外国文化用语;进行跨文化交际的重要条件是了解目标语文化国家的历史、地理、风俗;文化意识的培养使得交往者能不断丰富和更新自己的文化知识,从而不断提高自己的跨文化交际能力。

A tentative approach to intercultural communicative competence

Intercultural communication is widely believed to consist of the interactions both between native and non-native, and between people who do not share a common linguistic or cultural background. An analysis of the pragmatic failures between the interactions of people of Chinese and Western cultures is made, and accordingly four elements are argued to be the ingredients of intercultural communtcative competence. They are as follows: the prerequisite is a good command of foreign language; the second is the skills of using cultural expressions; the third is the factual knowledge (e.g. history, geography) of target culture; the last is the cultivation of cultural awareness.