国外集体效能研究现状透视

跨入新的世纪,群体心理引起了研究者的极大关注。在概述集体效能理论背景的基础上,文章分析了国外集体效能研究的现状。作为群体水平的一个重要特征,集体效能与集体的行为结果有密切的关系,对群体和个体的心理与行为具有调节作用。集体效能大于个体效能的相加,它能够有效捕捉到个体之间的相互作用。与个体效能在本质上不同,个体对集体效能的知觉会受到团体领导和成员所持的个体效能信念、集体内部成员的合作行为以及群体的凝聚力等因素的影响,发生在个体之间。群体成员对群体是否能有效协调和整合其各种资源的评估是影响集体效能形成的关键信息。

The Insight into the Current Situation of Foreign Collective Efficacy Study

Striding into new century,group psychology has seriously caused the researcher's concern.In outlining collective efficacy theory background,we analyze the current situation of foreign collective efficacy study.As an important characteristic of group level,collective efficacy mediates the mentality and behavior of both groups and individuals,and there are a significant correlation between collective efficacy and team performance.Collective efficacy transcends the sum of individual efficacy,and may effectively capture the interactions among team members.Different in essence with individual efficacy,individuals considers personal efficacies beliefs held by team leads and staff,team-level teamwork behavior and group cohesiveness et al.as a resource that affects collective beliefs of efficacy,and it occurs at the inter-individual level.Collective efficacy beliefs are significantly based on an assessment of personal and situational resources and constraints possessed by group members.