放松管制与重新管制：当代欧美广播电视政策的一种悖进路径

20世纪80年代以来,欧美广播电视领域经历了一场放松管制与重新管制同时悖进的政策变革.一方面,从频谱分配的市场化,到所有权的一再松绑和内容管制体系的溃散,再到公共广电系统的市场化转向,欧美国家普遍实行了一种全方位放松管制的政策路径;另一方面,在节目内容、市场结构等方面,欧美国家又存在一个明显的"再管制"过程.因此,欧美国家在广播电视领域所推行的放松管制变革运动,其实质是广播电视媒体管制方式、规则的改变以及一种新的管制结构的形成,即一种"再管制"的过程.

De-regulation and Re-regulation:A Paradoxical Path to Regulatory Reform of the West's Broadcast and TV

Since the 1980s, Europe and the United States have undergone a paradoxical path to regulatory reform, namely de-regulation accompanying by re-regulation synchronously, with respect to broadcast and TV policy. On the one hand, de regulation was carried out comprehensively, from frequency allocation turning to market mechanism to ownership and content regulation being relaxed, as well as the public service broadcast relying more and more on the market. On the other hand, there exists an obvious re regulation turning round in such field like program and market structure regulation. So the so- called de-regulation in fact only means the reform of the way and rule of broadcast and TV regulation, namely a kind of re regulation process.