言论自由的限度理论

言论自由是一个社会极为重要的品格和价值之一。但法治社会中任何一种权利都不是绝对无限的存在。法律的规定和其他正当性权利都构成了言论自由的权利边界。由美国联邦最高法院大法官霍姆斯首倡的“明显而即刻危险原则”系统地阐述了公众言论与社会安全的关系,试图在自由言论和国家安全、社会稳定之间寻求一种恰当的平衡。而1964年的《纽约时报》诉沙利文一案确立的实际恶意原则为解决这一难题作出了自己的贡献。

Theory of the Limitation of Freedom of Speech

Freedom of speech is a very important social virtue and value,but there is never an absolute infinite right in a society of rule of law.The definition of law and other proper rights constitute the border of right."The Present and Clear Danger" test,initiated by the U.S.Supreme Court Homles,expatiates the relationship between freedom of speech and social stability,and tries to look for a kind of fitting equilibrium.In 1964 the case of New York Times v.Sullivan which set the "actual malice principle"made its own contribution to the solution of the hard nut.