《现代汉语词典》条目义项与词语义位的不对应及其弥合空间

《现代汉语词典》条目义项与词语义位的对应关系是相对的、不完全的。与词典体例相关的义项与义位不对应主要有:(1)"姓"附列于同音形条目导致假性多义;(2)"同×"之例导致假性多义;(3)多义释词对被释词的多义性有所翳蔽。与词典体例无关的义项失收、义项衍设和义项归纳粗细不一也造成义项与义位不对应。与词典体例相关的义项与义位不对应难以调整,因其受制于词典的功能和效益。条目义项与词语义位不对应的弥合空间在于与词典体例无关的不对应。为有效解决这类不对应,应加强基于语料库的词义统计分析,进一步提炼具有可操作性的义项划分方法。

The Non-correspondence Between the Senses of Entries and Sememes in Dictionary of Contemporary Chinese & its Improvement

In the Dictionary of Contemporary Chinese,the senses of entries do not completely match the sememes.The non-correspondence is as follows: 1) surnames are listed behind the entries of their homonyms and produce false polysemia;2) "the-same-as"type explanation leads to false polysemia;and 3) the polysemous definition covers up the polysemous nature of the entries explained.Other non-correspondence is caused by: 1) the missing of senses,2) redundancy of senses,and 3) different standards of sense distinction th...