论马克思承认理论的历史-逻辑谱系

在马克思那里,承认理论不再仅仅是以一种理论构想式的生长逻辑出现,而更多地是以一种历史批判叙事的外观呈现出来。承认叙事在马克思贯彻其解放政治规划的历史逻辑过程中表现为三个发展阶段:首先,通过对资本主义社会中异化承认的批判,以及经由劳动范畴中介获得相互承认的探讨,青年马克思建构起一种人本主义的承认价值观;其次,马克思通过"自由人联合体"来克服个体与共同体(集体)之间历来的矛盾,以相互承认来中介双方,最终实现两者的统一;最后,通过对资本主义拜物教的批判,马克思指出承认关系的物化根本在于资本主义生产资料私人占有制,只有消灭资本主义生产方式,无产阶级才能进入"自由王国"。由此,马克思着手将承认的方式改变成无产阶级合法斗争的武器,从而完成了由理论叙事向革命实践的历史性升华。

Discussing the Historical-logical Genealogy of Karl Marx’s Recognition Theory

According to Karl Marx,recognition theory appears no longer as a kind of growing theoretical logic and displays an appearance of historical and critical narrative.From Marx’s texts,we can find the recognitive narrative which put into Marx’s the process of historical logic of the politics of emancipation appears three developing stages.Firstly,Marx constructed humanistic values of recognition by the criticism for the alienated recognition of capitalist society when getting mutual recognition through the labor.Secondly,Marx used the "Freeman Community" to overcome the contradiction between the individual and community(the collective),and made mutual recognition mediate and unite the both.Finally,Marx pointed out that materialized recognition resulted from the private ownership of capitalist production through the criticism to fetishism of capitalism;once eliminating the capitalist mode of production,the proletariat can enter the "realm of freedom".Thus,Marx started to change the way of the recognition into the legitimate weapon of the proletariat,and completed subliming the recognitive narrative from the narrative of theory to the revolutionary practice.