类型学视野下的拷贝型量词历时发展与动因

拷贝型量词产生于殷商一期甲骨，但其发展非常缓慢，到西周早期发展至顶峰后迅速衰落，西周晚期仍可见，东周初期彻底消亡。从类型学视野看，拷贝型量词使用较为普遍，形式多样，其量词性质无可置疑。拷贝型量词促进了汉语个体量词的语法化，但限于语音形式、语义滞留等因素无法进一步语法化，因此，在真正的个体量词产生后，拷贝型量词就完成了其使命而迅速消亡。

Diachronic Development and Motivation of Message-Copying Classifiers in the Perspective of Typology

Message-copying classifiers originated from the oracle in the first period of Yin and Shang Dynasty which developed slowly. They reached their peak in the early Western Zhou Dynasty and declined rapidly. They were still used until the late Western Zhou Dynasty and completely disappeared in the early Eastern Zhou Dynasty. From the perspective of typology, the message-copying classifiers are widely used and diversified, thus the classifiers for sure. And the message-copying classifiers promotes the grammaticalization of individual measure words, but have no further grammaticalization due to the phonetic form and the lingering semantics. Therefore, they completed their mission and disappeared rapidly after the emergence of authentic individual measure word.