明代北方灾荒的社会控制

相对南方而言 ,作为明朝政治中心所在地的北方是经济落后地区。明朝的重南轻北的区域经济发展策略及实践、北方经济开发与社会整合中不切实际的盲目作为 ,加之临灾与灾后社会控制的失措是北方灾荒频仍的症结所在。土地兼并 ,徭役繁重 ,农民极度贫困 ;生态环境恶化 ,农业生产几于崩溃 ,土地抛荒 ;灾民逃亡 ,社会组织结构趋于瓦解 ;阶级、民族矛盾激化等凡此因灾荒的社会控制失误而孳生的北方地区社会问题累及南方进而拖垮了明王朝。

Northern China' s Disaster and the Social Control of Ming Dynasty

The northern part of China is the political center of Ming Dynasty.However, as a result of the disaster, this region was dropped behind in economy development,and the prominent points are as follows: The government thinking too much of the South and despising the north, either in the making of the policy or in its implementation process; the aimless exploitation of natural resources and the conformity; additionally, the inaccurate method taken after the disaster. In the north, peasants were in poverty, and the nature balance was destroyed. Besides, victims of the natural calamity fled away, the structure of the society collapsed and the conflict of class and nation became acute. Accordingly, south part of China was also involved into this situation,and finally, all above make the Ming Dynasty wither away.