个性化学习的理论建构与特征分析

个性化学习理论认为,学习过程既是个性的展现和养成过程,也是自我实现和追求个性化的过程.个性化学习强调,学习过程应是针对学生个性特点和发展潜能而采取恰当的方法、手段、内容、起点、进程、评价方式等,促使学生各方面获得充分、自由、和谐发展的过程.多元智力理论的提出、元认知理论研究的新进展、"以人为本"教育理念的普及、教育公平理论的多元分析,以及人的全面发展学说的丰富与发展为个性化学习提供了坚实的理论基础.个性化学习具有学习资源的多维性、学习价值追求的多重性、学习风格的独特性、学习过程的终身性和学习方式的自主性、合作性与探究性特征.

Theory Constructing and Characteristics Analyzing of Personalized Learning

According to the theory of personalized learning, the process of learning is not only to show and form personality but also to pursue self- realization in a personalized way. The theory of personalized learning emphasizes that learning process should be a process in which people could choose some appropriate methods, content, starting point, progress, and evaluation pattern to facilitate students to be developed abundantly, freely, and harmoniously on the basis of their characteristics of personality and potential abilities. All these things give personalized learning a strong theory basis: the development of multiple intelligence theory, the advance of meta-cognition theory, the popularization of "all for people" idea of education, multiple analysis of education fairness theory, and the abundance of full-scale development theory of human. Personalized learning has follow characteristics: multiple division of learning resource, multiple pursue of learning value, unique of learning style, lifelong learning process and taking an initiative learning pattern, cooperativeness and exploration.