简论牦牛文化与牦牛经济

定、雅江等地的藏族民居石砌的碉房上 ,往往在门窗顶部或房屋转角处 ,用石灰绘出或用白石砌出的天、地、日、月、星辰或动物和宗教图案。其中牦牛头的图案占有很大比重。这在一些著作中称为“牛头或牛角符号” ,显然与牦牛崇拜有关。有的地方在民居的门口还装饰有牦牛的角 ,亦是一种民俗信仰。此外 ,在丹巴的民居底层即牛圈的门口或附近 ,往往有以石头略加雕刻后的牛头、牛角、牛嘴、牛舌等形象 ,砌在外墙之上。这既是牛圈的标志 ,也有祈求牲畜繁殖之意。在阿坝藏族羌族自治州理县甘堡乡原甘堡屯守备衙署的屋顶上 ,曾置有许多完整的牦牛头骨…

A Preliminary Study of Yak Culture and Yak Economy

The yak is a native domestic animal living on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China and plays a key role in the local economy. This article gives an account of its significance in the following aspects: its domestication, how it became the tribal name, the manifestation and traits of Yak culture among the members of the Tibetan nationality, and the significance of developing Yak economy.