反观以成人：教育戏剧中的“他者”眼光

教育戏剧的"他者"眼光意指以"他者"视角看世界,具有虚拟和简化世界的特性。其教育发生的逻辑是以"他者"身份"入戏"、通过"神入"他者世界获取他者眼光、进而通过反观达成认识世界、他者和自我的教育目的。教育戏剧的"他者"眼光具有重要的方法论价值:转客位学习为主客互动、从文本学习增情境体悟、变孤独探索为共生共长、由客观评价到"他眼"反思,但也面临情感泛滥、角色混乱和相对主义的重大挑战。教育戏剧应将"教育性"作为首要特性,引入戏剧生成的"第三个我"来超越我在"他"和"我"之间的游离困境,并帮助学生在把控是非曲直的基础上,将戏中之理与生活之道融合起来,通过"他者"眼光实现个体的成长和丰满。

To be a Man from Self-reflection:the “Other” Perspective in Educational Drama

The"other"perspective of educational drama means to see the world from the"other"perspective,which has the characteristics of virtual and simplified world.The logic of its education is to"enter the play"as"others",to obtain the vision of others by"entering"the world of others,and to realize the educational goal of understanding the world,the other and the self through reflection.The perspective of"the other"in educational drama has important methodological values: turning learning into subject-object interaction,increasing situational awareness from text learning,changing lonely exploration into symbiosis and co-growth,and turning from objective evaluation to reflection of"other eyes". However,it also faces great challenges from emotion flooding,role confusion and relativism."Education"should be a primary feature of educational drama. The third"I"should be introduced to get free from the dilemma between"he"and"I"in order to help students integrate the principles in play and the way of life together on the basis of right and wrong so as to realize individual growth and plump through the"others’ eye".