刑法中行为论比较研究

刑法中行为论的学说有因果的行为论(含身体的动作说、有意行为说)、目的的行为论、社会的行为论、人格的行为论，比较起来以有意行为说为可取。依照该说，所谓行为，指基于人的意思或意思支配可能性的身体的动作或者态度。构成刑法上的行为，必须具备1.意思支配的可能性，2.外部的态度。行为具有两种基本形式，即作为与不作为。不作为犯，德国学者认为是违反一切命令规范的行为，日本学者之间的表述稍有不同，反映出对不作为犯研究的深化。对不作为犯，前苏联、德、日、意的分类无大差别，德、日通常分为真正不作为犯与不真正不作为犯。对不真正不作为犯，德、日学者作了相当深入的研究。

Act Theories in Criminal Law:Comparative Reseach

There are these doctrines of causality-act,includes body-act and intention-actobjiective-act,society-act, personality-act in criminal law. According to the doctrine of body-act,which is comparably adaptable,act is body's motion or attitude because of the actor's intention or the possibility to allocate intention. The act in criminal law is constructed with the possibility to allocate intention and the objiective attitude. There are different opinions on the act's functions among the scholors in German, Italy and Japan. But these opinions are not repeled but supplied between each other. The act includes two base patterns, commission and omission. The different construes among Janpan,Italy and fore-Soviet have itself merit and defect. Germany scholors believe omission is certain a act which pertrates rules,. Japanese scholors have a bit difference about it. The situation reflects further reseachment on omission. About omission, there is little difference among fore-Soviet, German, Italy and Japan. Omission is divided into pure-omission and non-pure-omission in German and Janpan. the two country's scholors have deeply reseached on non-pure-omission.