循天理以成人礼 促平民得成圣王——程颐平民化圣王治世哲学

程颐隆礼重法的平民圣王治国理想深受其理学思想的影响。由于北宋时期道学沦丧、圣人自身所具有的治世品格及平民成圣三者的共同作用,平民化圣王治世才得以可能。程颐理学视域下的圣人具有尽理、设教、清者之量和中和之气等道德品格。但是,圣人在治理国家时并非依托圣人气象的感召,而是依靠理学视域下的礼法并重的观念治理。礼主要包括治国之礼、祭祀之礼、礼与民心等方面,法主要包括三王之法、使民之法和无位治世等内容。程颐的政治哲学＂理想国＂是以圣人、天理为根基,以礼法制度为内容,以民心、民愿为根本的理想国家。

Establishing Human Proprieties by Following Heavy Principle and Becoming Sage King by Depending on Civilians--Cheng Yi＇s Administration Philosophy of Civil - Style Sage King

Cheng Yi’s concepts of governing a state by emphasizing propriety and law are deeply influenced by his Confucianism.Because of the function of the following factors in Song dynasty like the loss of Taosim,sage’s own quality of governing a state and civilian becoming sage,it has become possible to govern a state by civilization king.In the eyes of Confucianism Cheng Yi,sage possesses the following moral quality like rationalists,educationalists,wisdom and the mean Tao.However,sages didn’t depend on the influence of sage climate in governing a state,but on the concept of equally important propriety and law in the perspective of Confucianism.Propriety mainly includes the principles of governing a country,the sacrificial rites,propriety and civilian moral,while law primarily includes the law of three kings,law of ruling civilians and governing a state by no action.Cheng Yi’s political philosophy "ideal kingdom" is the ideal country that takes sages and heaven principle as its bases,regards the propriety and law system as its content,and considers civilian hearts and wishes as its foundation.