减量化与资源化:农业废弃物法律调整路径研究

长期以来的掠夺式农业生产方式使我国农用地污染日益严重，农业生态环境面临日益恶化的严峻形势。在明确农业废弃物减量化与资源化权利属性的基础上，对我国现行的法律制度进行系统梳理，研究发现：农业废弃物减量化与资源化立法滞后，法律调整存在重末端治理轻源头减量的结构性失衡，法律责任范围不清晰，法律制裁措施种类单一、惩罚力度偏轻等。据此提出完善农业废弃物减量化与资源化法律调整的路径：调整立法重心，农业废弃物源头减量与末端治理并重;明确农业废弃物污染治理立法的原则和责任主体;构建农业生态环境损害责任倒查问责制，实现主体责任具体化、违法责任可追究。

Reduction and Recycling:A study on the Legal Adjustment Path of Agricultural Waste

The predatory agricultural production mode has made the soil pollution of agricultural land worse and worse for a long time in China.Figuring out the right attribute of agricultural waste,this paper systematically combed the legal system of agricultural waste reduction and recycling,and found that:(1) The legistation on agricultural waste reduction and recycling lags behind; (2) There is a structural imbalance in legal rectification,featured by emphasis on end treatment other than source reduction; (3) The ambiguous legal responsibility,the simplicity in legal sanction and light penalties still exist.Finally,this paper proposed that:(1) The focus of leigislation be adjusted with emphasis on both source reduction and end treatment; (2) The principle of legislation and the liability subject be clarified in the process of agricultural waste treatment; (3) An investigation and accountability system be constructed to specify the subject responsibility and accountability.