我国南方地区农业干旱问题及其缓解的对策建议

干旱对农户生计造成重大影响。从3个方面人手对我国南方干旱问题进行了分析：南方降雨量与作物产量关系；干旱的定义及其影响；农户的应对策略。结果发现：局部干旱和区域性干旱是南方干旱的重要特征；干旱造成农户生产损失，生活消费也受到严重影响，农户更加依赖社区公共资源，农户生产多样化策略和村集体公共资源统一利用是处理干旱的重要手段。提出了6个方面的建议来缓解南方干旱对农业生产和农户生计的影响：培育耐旱品种，减少对水的依赖；加强组织建设，提高村集体应对干旱能力；建设农户储水设施；理解农户处理干旱风险策略，制定科学的农业风险管理政策；建立干旱和洪涝灾害分开的政府管理体制；加强西南地区生态环境保护，促进农业可持续发展。

Agricultural Drought in Southern China and Countermeasures in Mitigating its Impact

Drought has great negative impact on farm households livelihood. This paper analyzes the relationship between rainfall and crop yield, definition of drought and its impact and the coping strategies of farm households. The results show that southern China is charaterized with local drought and re- gional drought, drought causes farm households huge loss and farm households＇s consumption is also affected and farm households＇s diversified activities and the uniform utilization of village public resources are the important methods to cope with drought. The paper puts forward six suggestions on how to miti- gate the impact of drought in southern China on agricultural production and farm households livelihood, such as breeding drought-resistant varieties to reduce the dependance on water, improving the capacity of village community to deal with drought, constructing water storage facilities for farm households, understanding the risk strategies by farm households to cope with drought and making scientific agricultural risk management policy, establishing governmental management system in separating drought and flooding and strengthening the environmental protection in southwestern China to promote the agricultural sustainable development.