先秦儒法忠孝观比较

先秦时期儒法两家都不反对忠孝道德，但是二者在忠孝观上有着根本的区别，体现在人性认同上。儒家以人性善为其忠孝观的理论基础，法家的忠孝观建立在人性恶的基础上；在忠与孝的关系上，儒家认为忠孝合一，法家认为忠孝相互矛盾；儒家持相对主义伦理观，强调君臣、父子的权利与义务，法家持绝对主义伦理观，强调君、父的绝对权威；在忠孝道德的实现方式上，儒家主张道德教化，法家提倡法律强制。

A Comparison of Pre-Qin Confucian and Fa School Ideas on Loyalty and Filial Piety

Neither Confucians nor Fa School in pre-Qin age dejected moralities of loyalty and filial piety. But their ideas on the issue are fundamentally different from each other. The differences include： in respect of human nature, Confucians base their idea on natural goodness, while Fa School on natural evilness; in terms of the interrelationship between loyalty and filial piety, Confucians believe in consistence between loyalty and filial piety, while Fa School in conflicts between the two; Confucians hold relative ethics and emphasizes the mutual duties and rights between king/father and minister/son, while Fa School holds absolute ethics and emphasizes the absolute authority of the former; Confucians argue for realizing morality through moral education while Fas School claim through legal enforcement.