压力型扶贫模式下的群体角色及其行为特征

民族地区的精准扶贫有对口帮扶和维稳工作的双重压力。在压力源、压力点和压力氛围的作用下，精准扶贫中的扶贫责任人、扶贫责任单位和扶贫帮扶单位等扶贫群体构成了独特的压力分解与承接工作机制。在此背景下，扶贫群体由于所面临和所分解的压力不同，因此其主体行为和行动特征也就各不相同。而作为被扶贫者的贫困群体，由于其所依赖的扶贫群体的压力和资源不同，使得前者的行为也各不相同，角色特征也会出现异化。总体来看，扶贫过程中存在着扶贫压力或过重、或不足的问题。要解决这一问题，既需要适当减轻扶贫者的任务压力，又需要增加被扶贫者的利益压力，从而回到科学扶贫的道路上来。

Group Roles and Behavioral Characteristics under Pressure-based Precise Poverty Alleviation

Precise poverty alleviation in minority areas faces the dual pressure of correspondent support and maintenance stability. Under the influence of pressure source, pressure points and pressure atmosphere, the precise poverty alleviation groups such as poverty alleviation responsible persons, poverty alleviation units and poverty alleviation help units constitute a unique pressure decomposition mechanism, and a work-undertaking mechanism. In this context, the poverty alleviation groups have different group roles and behavioral characteristics, due to the different pressures they face. As for the poor groups, because of the different pressures and resources that they can rely on, the behavior of the former is different, and the role characteristics will be alienated. Generally speaking, there are problems like over-alleviation or insufficient-alleviation. To solve these problems, it is necessary to appropriately alleviate the task pressure of the poverty alleviation groups, and to increase the pressure interests of the poor groups, to return to the path of scientific poverty alleviation.