基于Matlab的细长轴车削振动因素研究

颤振是影响金属切削加工工件表面质量的主要因素，尤其车削细长轴工件时更容易发生切削颤振。文章基于横 向振动理论建立了细长轴车削过程的振动模型，并从力学及数值分析角度求解了切削力引起的工件振动响应；在Matlab 软件中通过仿真研究了切削用量和工件长径比的变化对工件振动响应的影响。设计了以背吃刀量、进给速度、主轴转速 及工件长径比为变量的四因素三水平正交车削实验，分析4个因素对工件切削力的影响。实验表明长径比、背吃刀量、进 给速度和转速对切削力的影响程度依次降低，实验结论验证了仿真结果的正确性，揭示了细长轴车削过程的动态特性。

Vibration Factors Research of Slender Shaft Turning Process Based on Matlab

Chatter is one of the main factors that affect the surface quality of metal-cutting workpiece, cutting chatter is more easily to occur when slender shaft is been turning. This article built a dynamic model of slender shaft turning process based on transverse vibration theory, and workpiece's vibration response aroused by cutting force was obtained according to the vibration model. The influence on workpiece's vibration response caused by the change of cutting parameters and workpiece's size was researched by simulation in Matlab software. A three-level orthogonal experiment with cutting depth, feed speed, rotate speed and draw ratio selected as variables was conducted to analyze their effect on cutting force. The experimental results indicate that draw ratio, cutting depth, feed speed and rotate speed's influence degree on cutting force decrease in sequence, and reveal the dynamic characteristic of slender shaft turning process.