“半工半耕”的区域差异与农民家庭发展

中国农村的“半工半耕”结构是在改革开放以来逐渐形成并渐趋稳定的,是工业化和城市化背景下农民家庭主要的经济模式。农民与土地的关系决定了“半耕”的状态,农民与市场的关系则决定了“半工”的状态。农民与土地的关系以及农民与市场的关系的区域差异塑造出了强弱有别的、差异化的“半工半耕”形态。“半工半耕”的强度直接影响了农民家庭的资源积累能力,奠定了农民家庭发展的基础。经验视野中的“半工半耕”具有丰富的社会学意涵,它不仅是理解转型期农民家庭和村庄社会的重要维度,而且也是理解中国农村经济社会结构变迁的重要维度。

Regional Difference of “Semi-Working and Semi-Farming” and the Development of Peasant Family

The structure of“semi-working and semi-farming”in Chinese rural areas has gradually formed and become stable since the reform and opening up.It is the main economic model of peasant family under the background of industrialization and urbanization.The relation between farmer and the land determines the state of“semi-farming”,while the relation between farmer and the market determines the state of“semi-working”.The regional difference of the relation between farmer and the land,and between farmer and the market has shaped the form of“semi-working and semi-farming”with different strength.The intense degree of“semi-working and semi-farming”directly affects the resource accumulation ability of peasant families and lays the foundation for the development of peasant families.“Semi-working and semi-farming”in the perspective of experience has rich sociological implications.It is not only an important dimension to understand the transformation of peasant family and village society,but also an important dimension to understand the change of China′s rural economic and social structure.