钢和铝异种金属焊接变形研究

针对目前钢/铝异种金属薄板在焊接时，存在的焊接热变形、焊接质量差、使用性能低等缺点，采用有限元法对薄板件焊接过程进行模拟。通过不同参数组合，得出了x和y方向的焊接变形量；讨论了焊接工艺参数对焊接热变形的影响规律。结果表明：焊接电流对焊接变形影响最大，且v方向的变形量是x方向的2倍；同时，选用多层等厚焊件或者厚度较薄的板件在上层，可以大大减小变形量。因此，通过合理的焊接工艺参数来降低焊接变形量，对提高车身焊接质量具有重要的意义。

Welding Deformation Study of Steel and Aluminum Metal Plate

At present. there are shortcomings of welded thermal deformation, poor welding quality and low performance in the welding of steel/aluminum dissimilar metal sheet. In this paper, the finite element method ( FEM) was used to simulate the welding thermal deformation of sheet. Through a combination of different parameters, the amount of welding deformation was obtained in the x and y directions. after which that the effect law of welding parameters on welding deformation was discussed. The results show that. welding current has the biggest influence on welding deformation. and the amount of deformation in the y direction is twice as in the x direction. In addition. the multilayer and equal thickness sheets or thinner plate parts in the upper layer were selected in manufacture. which can greatly reduce the deformation. Therefore, taking reasonable welding parameters to reduce the value of welding distortion. is of great significance to improve the welding quality of automobile body.