农田灌溉设施的全要素生产率增长效应

基于中国15个小麦主产省2000—2017年面板数据,采用SFA-Malmquist指数法和面板工具变量法探讨了农田灌溉设施的小麦全要素生产率增长效应及作用机制,结果表明:2000—2017年间,小麦全要素生产率年均提升1.66%,技术进步率和效率提升率年均增长1.21%和0.38%,总体表现为技术诱导型的增长模式;农田灌溉规模的扩张可以在保障小麦生产效率提升的同时推动技术进步,实现小麦全要素生产率增长的双重驱动;农田灌溉质量的提升表现出正向的技术进步效应,但对技术效率却产生了微弱负向影响,且全要素生产率增长效应不显著。因此,在保持灌溉规模扩张对小麦全要素生产率驱动作用的同时,挖掘灌溉质量提升带来的全要素生产率增长潜能,将会是实现小麦稳产增产的关键。

Effects of Farmland Irrigation Infrastructures on the Improvement of TFP

Based on the panel data of 15 wheat major production provinces from 2000 to 2017, SFA Malmquist index and panel instrumental variable method are estimated to explore degree and mechanism of effects of farmland irrigation infrastructures on the improvement of wheat TFP. Results showed that: (1) wheat TFP increases 1.66% per year on average from 2000 to 2017 and generally shows a technology induced growth pattern, where rates of technical progress and efficiency improvement increase 1.21% and 0.38% per year on average respectively. (2) Scale expansion of farmland irrigation infrastructures has promoted technical efficiency and technical progress to establish double engines of the improvement of wheat TFP. (3) Quality improvement of farmland irrigation infrastructures has positive effects on technical progress and mild negative effects on technical efficiency, while effects of which on wheat TFP are not significant. Therefore, it is of great significance to excavate the potential of wheat TFP growth brought by quality improvement of farmland irrigation infrastructures while maintaining driving effects of scale expansion of farmland irrigation infrastructures on wheat TFP.