农民合作的条件：岳阳井塘灌区个案

基于湖南岳阳井塘灌区个案的考察表明：国家介入是农民合作的外部条件。人民公社时期，国家通过强制性力量直接主导农民合作，改革开放之后国家仍通过诱致性力量引导农民合作；农村精英参与和组织载体是农民合作的内部条件。农村精英具有较好的经济实力和社会地位，能赢得农民的尊重与信任，是农民合作的发起者、凝结点和推动力。组织载体能够为农民合作提供交流平台、规章制度与惩罚机制。为了促进农民合作，政府应该加强推动农民合作的力度、鼓励农村精英参与农民合作以及大力发展农民合作组织。

Conditions of farmers'cooperation: A Case of Jingtang irration area in Yueyang City

The case study of Jingtang irrigation area in Yueyang City shows that nation intervention is the external condition of farmers＇ cooperation. In the time of people＇s commune, the government directly led the farmers＇ cooperation through compulsory strength, after reform and open policy, the govemment still guides farmers to cooperate through non-compulsory strength. The participation of rural elite is one internal condition of conditions of farmers＇ cooperation. Rural elites who have good economic conditions and social status can win respect and confidence of most farmers and thus become the cosponsors, condensation point and driving force of farmers＇ cooperation. Organizations carrier can supply exchange platform, regulation and punishment mechanism for farmers＇ cooperation, so it is another internal condition of farmers＇ cooperation. In order to promote farmer to cooperate, the government should strengthen the cooperative efforts to encourage rural elites to participate farmer cooperative and vigorously develop farmer cooperative organizations.