当代西方公共行政伦理的规范性基础探讨——以美德视角及其启示为中心

当代西方对公共行政伦理的规范性基础的探讨,有政体价值、公共利益、社会公平、公民身份、美德等多种视角。鉴于规则伦理只注重制定行为对错的义务与责任原则,忽视道德主体自身的内在特性,从而造成道德实践中的诸多问题,美德视角强调美德之于公共行政实践的重要性,并力图借助思辨与实证的方法,来建立以公共行政人员的美德为规范性基础的行政伦理学。其观点和方法对于我国行政伦理的建构,具有重要的借鉴意义。

On the Normative Foundation of Contemporary Western Public Administrative Ethics: With a Focus on the Perspective of Virtues and Its Implications

Studies of the normative foundation of contemporary western public administrative ethics have been approached from five perspectives,i.e.governmental value,public interest,social justice,citizenhood,and virtues.As the first four perspectives,all focused on the ethics of rules,pay attention only to duties and responsibilities of classifying behavior as right and wrong while ignoring the significance of the inner characters of moral agents,all kinds of problems cropped up in moral practices.The perspective of virtues stresses the importance of virtues in the practice of public administration and tries to formulate the public administrative ethics on the basis of the virtues of public administrators.The ideas and methods of such a perspective have important implications for the construction of public administrative ethics in China.