20世纪西方政治学:形成、演变及最新趋势

西方政治学的研究传统是古希腊的圣哲们所奠定的。１９世纪末至２０世纪初，伴随着社会科学分化的一般趋势，西方政治学形成了相对独立的学科框架，完成由传统政治研究向现代政治科学的转变。２０世纪中期，行为主义及后行为主义政治学成为西方政治学的主导范式，它的孕育、兴盛和衰弱经历了大半个世纪。“二战”以后，西方政治学研究出现了三种范式或元理论（本体—规范的理论、经验－分析的理论和辩证－批判的理论）共存的局面。在当代西方社会科学的杂交化、整体化大趋势下，世纪之交的西方政治学出现了政治经济整合研究、政治学现实性增强、政治哲学复兴、由国家焦点向全球视野的转变等新趋势。

Western Political Sdence in 20th Century:Formahon, Development and Recent Trends

Abstract research tradition of Western polihcs was founded by the philosophers inancient Greece.At the turn ofcentury, Western polities formated its independent academicframeword,and finished the transition from traditional politicalstudy tO modern political science along with the general trend of differentiation of social sciences.In the middle of the centucentury, Behavioralism and Postbehavioralism became a dominative paradigm in Westem political science.The proceed of itsbirth,flourishing and decline lasts half a century.After World War II,there were three paradigms or metatheories inWestern Political Science:ontological-normative theory experimental-analytieal theory and dialectical-critical theory Underthe megatrend of interdisciplinary research and synthesis in Western social science,there are some nwe trends in WesternPolitical Science,such as Intergration of polities and economics,growth of political realness,recovery of political philosophyand transition of the focus from a state to the globe.