《围城》中的"激问"句组——兼析交往理性的"围城"

激问句组,是由两个或两个以上的激问句直接组合而成的一个无疑而问的问句系列.《围城》激问句组有较为丰富的激问标记语,主要有"什么""为什么""怎么""难道""罢""么""呀""不是……么""P不P"格式等,也有一定量的零标记(无特定标记语)形式.在结构形式上有二句句组和三句句组,组合形式多样.《围城》激问句组是钱钟书语言艺术的一个组成部分,颇具语用价值.有心理、逻辑、审美等动因的激问句组,是有意违背合作原则和礼貌原则等语用原则的"美丽的错误",其有助于人物形象的塑造,有助于令人"银笑"(非"铅笑")的讽刺效果的形成.激问句组是交往理性的"围城"的"建筑材料"之一.

Rhetorical Question Group in "Fortress Besieged"——Analysis of Communicative Rationality in "Fortress Besieged"

A rhetorical question group is a series of interrogative sentences directly composed of two or above rhetorical questions that have definite answers.The rhetorical question groups in Fortress Besieged have comparatively rich rhetorical question markets,such as "P or not P "form including "what","why","how","can't","then","right","well","don't".It also included certain zero marker (no special markers) form.This rhetorical question group has two sentences group and three sentences group which can make various combinations.The rhetorical question groups in Fortress Besieged are part of Qian Zhongshu's language art which have a great pragmatic value.The rhetorical question groups having mental,logic and aesthetic dynamics were actually "beautiful mistakes" which purposely violated pragmatic principles such as cooperative principle and politeness principles which help to shape human image and form ironical effect causing people snickering (not laughing).A rhetorical question group is one of the "construction materials" for communicative rationality in Fortress Besieged.