关联理论批评研究综述

20多年来国内语言学界对关联理论的批评大致分为6类,涉及关联性和关联原则、话语理解的必然性和理想化、笼统性、目的性和信仰体系、社会维度、不可证伪性。有些批评是较合理的,有些批评是因为读者对关联理论的误解所致。对关联理论的批评主要来自中国学者,且大都集中在20纪90年代;相比之下,国外学者提出的批评较少。至今对关联理论的批评基本上是附带性的宏观性批评,本着进一步发展和完善关联理论的宗旨,我们应该加强对关联理论的专门性和微观性批评研究。

A General Review of the Criticisms of Relevance Theory

This paper makes a general review of the typical criticisms of Relevance Theory proposed mainly by the linguistic field in China in the past over twenty years.Those criticisms are generally divided into six types concerning such aspects as relevance and the principle of relevance,the certainty and idealization of utterance comprehension,over-generality,intentionality and the belief system,social dimensions,and non-falsibility.With the combination of some scholars’ viewpoints,this paper makes comments on and analysis of those criticisms,holding that some criticisms are somewhat reasonable,while others result from the misunderstandings of Relevance Theory on the part of the readers.The criticisms against Relevance Theory were generally proposed by the Chinese scholars and conducted mainly in the 1900s.By comparison,there are not so many criticisms from the foregin scholars.Up to now,most of those criticisms have been generally made in an incidental and macroscopic way.We should reinforce the criticisms of Relevance Theory in a special and microscopic way,with the intention of further development and impovement of Relevance Theory.