被害人利益的维度考量之刑法意义思考——以亲告罪为视角

随着"被害人学"的勃兴,被害人的主体地位、权利救济等在刑事政策的变迁中得到彰显,由此影响到刑事立法对被害人利益的尊重与考量。反观我国刑法,除了亲告罪,几乎没有对被害人主体利益特别是自我决定的尊重与保护,这不利于扩张刑法的法益保护机能与贯彻刑法谦抑性理念。为了让被害人利益在我国刑法中得到彰显,不仅要在完善亲告罪立法体例基础上适度扩张其适用范围,还要对被害人承诺进行适度的法定化,明确被害人承诺的概念,并就被害人对身体健康权的承诺进行限定,以与新增设的组织出卖人体器官罪的设置保持协调。

Consideration of Victims’ Interests in the Sense of Criminal Law---From the View of No Trial without Complaint

With the rise of victimology ,the subject position and relief rights of victims are demonstrated in criminal policies .T herefore ,it affects the regards and considerations for the victims ’interests in the crim-inal legislation .However ,China’s criminal law hardly pays attention to victim ’s interests ,especially the respect for and protection of self-determination except for no trial without complaint .The situation goes against the expansion of protection function of legal interest and the implementation of modest restraint of criminal law .In order to embody victim’s interests ,we should not only expand application scope of no trial without complaint on the basis of improving the legislative style ,but also promote moderately legal-ization of victim＇s commitment .The latter includes clarifying the concept of victim ’s commitment and de-fining commitment of health rights so that it can remain consistent with the organized crime of sale of human organs .