晚清戏曲改良与早期话剧舞台艺术的民族化

传统戏曲难以在晚清剧烈的社会变革中适应观众和时代的需求,难以发挥革命宣传、鼓动以及启蒙民智的社会作用,资产阶级维新派、改良派人士积极推进晚清"戏曲改良",艰难的戏曲改良又迫使改良者将目光投向西方的话剧艺术,去接受新的戏剧观念和思潮。新剧作为舶来的戏剧艺术与中国的民族审美存在隔膜,要在中国戏剧舞台上扎根、延续,必须与民族传统、戏曲传统相"融合",吸收、借鉴戏曲改良中的优秀成果从而使得话剧舞台艺术在舞台表演、舞美、剧场等方面得到丰富和发展,推进了话剧的民族化进程。

Melioration of Drama in Late Qing Dynasty and the Nationalization of the Stage Art of the Early Modern Drama

The violent society change of the late Qing did not make the traditional drama adapt to the need of the ages and audience,and it was hard to undertake the function of revolution publicity,instigation,initiation.The reformist of the bourgeoisie,and the improvers tried to push forward the "drama improvement" of the late Ming,the difficult drama improvement again forced the improvers to accept the west drama,the new drama idea and the current thought of drama.The new play was foreign drama art and there was some differences between the west drama and the traditional drama.If it wanted to take root,to continue on the Chinese drama stages,it must be synchronized with traditional drama,absorb and draw lessons from the drama improvement.It could make some advancement in stage performance,stage art and theater etc.