我国农村能源问题研究

农村能源是一个战略问题。我国农村能源消费的特点是低品位能源的大量低效使用和农村能源消费结构不合理。农村能源的短缺导致农村生活用能过度依赖生物质能,且以直接燃烧为主,热效率低,污染严重。对生物质能的过度依赖导致了生态环境恶化和资源短缺,因此应大力开发可再生能源,重点就是沼气建设,推广以沼气为核心的生态农业建设,缓解农村能源的供需矛盾,改善能源生产和消费结构,提高能源利用效率,促进农业的可持续发展。

A Study of the Energy Problem in the Rural Areas in China

The energy resource in the rural areas is a strategic problem. The characteristic of the consumption of the energy resources in the rural areas in China is that a large number of inferior energy resources are used but not to the thorough exhaustion and that the consumption structure is not reasonable. The shortage of the energy resources in the rural areas leads to excessive use of biological resource in the life there. Much of it is burnt directly without high-heat efficiency, but with serious result of pollution. The excessive dependency on biological resource results in the deterioration of the ecological environment and the shortage of resources. Therefore, stress should be placed on the development of recycling resources, particularly of methane. Great efforts should be made to popularize the ecological agricultural construction with a focus on methane, to release the contradiction between supply and demand, to improve the structure of the production and consumption of energy, to heighten the utilization efficiency, and to promote the sustainable development in agriculture.