霍桑小说中伦理道德悲剧成因分析——以《红字》为例

霍桑的小说大多主要描写社会和人性的阴暗面,着重探讨社会道德和罪恶的问题。作者通过其作品中人物的悲剧命运揭示了清教社会的宗教伦理观,抨击了清教社会伦理观对性爱、婚姻的严厉惩罚。霍桑的作品中包含了许多伦理因素。本文以《红字》为例,从文学伦理学批评的视角,通过对小说中悲剧人物的伦理身份及复杂的伦理关系的分析,解读霍桑小说中人物悲剧的成因。从中我们可以看到,霍桑作品中主要人物的悲剧命运是发生在清教社会伦理背景下,悲剧人物改变各自不符合社会伦理道德规范的伦理身份,违背了清教社会宗教伦理道德标准是悲剧的成因。

An Analysis of the Causative Factors for Ethical Tragedy in Hawthorne＇s Novels——Taking The Scarlet Letter for a Study

Most of Hawthorne＇s novels describe the dark side of the society and human nature,focusing on social morality and obscenity evils.By displaying the tragic fate of the main characters in his works,Hawthorne reveals the religious moral values of the Puritan society and attacks the harsh punishment on erotic love and marriage.There are many ethical elements in his novels.The present paper intends to conduct an ethical analysis of the change of ethical identity and the relationship between the tragic characters in The Scarlet Letter and to interpret the causative factors of the tragedy for them.The tragedy is caused by the change of their ethical identity and relationship which is not in but out of the Puritan religious moral principle in the ethical puritan society at that time.