论翻译文学批评———特殊性、批评标准与批评方法

翻译文学批评对于翻译文学来说，非常必要，但做起来非常困难。它与一般的文学批评有共通性，更有特殊性。它是跨越不同语言的文学批评，必须建立在语言学批评的基础上。一般的文学批评可以“得意而忘言”，翻译文学批评却应该是“言意兼顾”，应该将语言学批评与关学批评结合起来；细节批评与总体批评结合起来；特殊的批评角度与全面公正的评价结合起来。为此，翻译文学批评应该有一定的标准。对我国翻译文学而言，“信达雅”是基本标准，“神似”、“化境”可以作为最高标准。在批评方式方法上，对同一原作的不同译本的比较批评，即译本比较批评，在翻译文学批评中是一种重要的、行之有效的批评方式。

On Literary Translation Criticism： Particularities,Critical Criteria and Methods

Though extremely important for literary translation, literary translation criticism is very necessary but dif- ficult to carry out. There are more particularities in literary criticism translation than in literary reviews, much com-mon ground as they share, for the former must be based on linguistic criticism due to cross-language, its unique-ness. It is acceptable to apply the princile of ＂obtaining meaning hut forgetting abou~ wording＂ to general literary criticism, while literary translation criticism must pay attention to ＂both wording and meaning＂, combine linguistic criticism with aesthetic criticism, integrate detailed criticism with general review, unite the angle of special crticism and comprehensive and fair criticism. As a result of this, there must be certain standards in literary translation criti- cism. In our country, ＂faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance＂ is the basic standard of literary translation, while ＂spiritual resemblance＂ and ＂sublimed adaptation＂ can be considered to be the highest. As far as critical methods are concerned, comparative criticism for different translated versions of the same original work. In other words, corn parison between different translated versions, is a significant and effective way.