现代性构建与现代三大文化思潮

保守主义、自由主义与激进主义虽为三个鼎立的价值系统,但均属“现代”思潮,三者在要不要实现现代化转型、要不要接纳现代性的认知上是共同的,在体现现代性的“当下性”、“世界性”、“个体性”与“世俗性”等四个重要向度上不难体会其共性;但三者对现代化道路的追寻、对现代性诉求的表达呈现出不同的特点,展示为“保守的现代性诉求——儒家资本主义现代化模式(东亚现代化模式)”、“温和的现代性诉求——欧美资本主义现代化模式”和“激进的现代性诉求——新民主主义与社会主义现代化模式”等三种不同类型;还可从现代化与反现代化、“前现代——现代——后现代”的坐标上分析三大思潮现代性诉求的区隔,文化保守主义是以“前现代”的美好凸现“现代”的弊端,激进主义超越西方现代性的思路可视为现代性的创新、也可视为“后现代性”。

The Construction of Modernity and Three Main Modern Cultural Trends of Thought

Although conservatism,liberalism and radicalism constitute a tripartite value system,they all belong to the modern trend of thought,sharing common grounds on cognizing whether to realize modernization and accepting modernity,and on the four dimensions of immediacy,universality,individuality and secularity that embody modernity.However,they differ from each other in their approaches to modernization and their expressive resorts to modernization,which are exhibited as the conservative resort to modernization,i.e.the mode of Confucian capitalist modernization or the mode of East Asian modernization,the moderate resort to modernization,i.e.the mode of European and American capitalist modernization,and the radical resort to modernization,i.e.the mode of New Democratic and Socialistic modernization.The dissimilarities of the three main trends of thought can be also analyzed in the coordinate of modernization vs anti-modernization and that of pre-modernity,modernity and post-modernity.While cultural conservatism contrasts the happiness of pre-modernity with the abuses of modernity,the thought train of radicalism can be regarded as the creativity of modernization or post-modernity.