美沙酮维持治疗者的社会网络特征与维持状况的研究

目的：了解受艾滋病和社会歧视双重威胁的美沙酮维持治疗者的社会网络的构成、特征．并探讨其与维持状况之间的关系。方法：以方便抽样方式获得样本并以结构式访问收集资料，对进入无锡市美沙酮维持治疗门诊的277名吸毒者进行社会流行病学调查；采用SPSS与质性研究方法进行分析。结果：该人群普遍感到社会歧视的存在，其社会交往和社会支持网络仅限于父母、家人、朋友等非正式群体；与社会间互动的缺失以及吸毒者的标签化导致社会支持网络中的正式群体在其治疗、维持及社会救助中未起到主要作用。结论：美沙酮维持治疗者社会网络的特征将影响维持治疗的效果．加强该人群与正式社会网络的互动对恢复其家庭和社会功能具有重要意义。

Study on characteristics of social network among methadone maintenance treatment patients and retention situation

Objective: To identify the construction and characteristics of methadone maintenance treatment(MMT) patients who were double threatened by AIDS and social discrimination,and discuss the relationship between retention and their social network. Methods: Using SPSS and qualitative study to analyze, 277 subjects were recruited by convenience sampling and combined structured interview to conduct a social epidemiological survey. Results: The population were largely prejudiced, their social contact and social network limited to non-normal social groups such as family members and several friends owing to less interaction with society and being labeled with drug abuser. Normal social support network had not play a key role in their treatments,retention and social assistance. Conclusion: The characteristics of MMT patients would influence the effect of treatment. The authors advanced that reinforce interaction between this population with normal social network would be significant for their family and social function improvement.