临床本科生主观幸福感及其个体影响因素研究

目的:研究临床本科生主观幸福感及其个体影响因素。方法:采用总体幸福感量表、Beck抑郁问卷、艾森克人格问卷简式量表中国版、自尊量表进行问卷调查。结果:临床本科生的主观幸福感水平较高;外向型人格特质与主观幸福感呈显著正相关,而神经质与主观幸福感呈显著负相关;自尊水平与主观幸福感显著负相关;抑郁总分以及各类别与主观幸福感呈显著负相关;神经质是预测主观幸福感的最有力、最稳定的因素;抑郁的消极态度、躯体症状和操作困难对主观幸福感的预测作用其次,其中抑郁类别中的疲劳和忧愁心情对主观幸福感的预测作用较大;而自尊只能解释主观幸福感很小一部分的变异。结论:在医学生心理健康教育中应针对这些个体的影响因素,培养医学生的主观幸福感,促进心理健康发展。

A study of subjective well-being and personal affecting factors among clinical college students

Objective: To study subjective well-being and personal affecting factors among clinical college students.Methods: General well-being schedule(GWB),Beck depression inventory(BDI),Eysenck personality questionnaire(EPQ-RSC),and the self-esteem scale(SES) were used.Results: The clinical college students had a high level of subjective well-being.Extroversion was positively related to subjective well-being,and neuroticism was negatively related to subjective well-being.The self-esteem was negatively related to subjective well-being.The total score of depression and its items were negatively related to subjective well-being.Neuroticism was the most powerful and stable factor predicting subjective well-being;the depressed attitude,physical symptoms and depressed actions were also second powerful factors predicting subjective well-being,among which,feeling of exhaustion and sad mood were comparatively effective;while the self-esteem only explain a small part of subjective well-being.Conclusion: Some suggestions were proposed according to these personal affecting factors in order to enhance the subjective well-being and mental health of the medical students.