自然、技术与物种的可持续性 ——论《加拉帕戈斯群岛》的生态忧思

冯内古特的末世叙事小说《加拉帕戈斯群岛》巧妙地融合了现实与虚构的生态图景,以黑色幽默艺术风格与人文主义生存理念再现了当代西方政治经济体系下的生态模式。文章从人类对动物的利用与虐杀、资本对人类的辖制与人类的技术崇拜、人类社会多种因素引起的生命大规模毁灭等层面,反思西方社会20世纪下半叶生态恶化的多重根源；以动态的整体论的视角看待冯内古特的生态焦虑,指出人类与动物的跨物种联系、技科学(techno-science)对环境的影响以及生态环境的可持续性皆为人类未来存在与发展的关键因素。

Nature, Technologies and the Sustainability of Species

In his apocalyptic novel Galapagos, Kurt Vonnegut subtly merges both real and fictional landscapes of ecology, and represents the contemporary eco-modes under western capitalist regime with the aid of black humor and humanist view of being. This paper explores the multiple causes of ecological worsening of western world in the last half of 20th century from the aspects of animals'' abuse and merciless killing by mankind, the capital dominance and people''s technology worship, as well as the global destruction of life caused by many factors. It estimates Vonnegut''s ecological anxiety in a dynamically holistic way, and points out that all the inter-species connection between man and animals, the techno-scientific influence on environment and the sustainability of ecological environment serve as key factors to the future of mankind.