夏代玉器的审美特征

原始玉器工艺发展到夏代,开始出现镶嵌、勾彻、浅浮雕和圆雕等琢玉技术,这就使得夏代玉器的造型和纹饰走向程式化和复杂化成为可能。几何直方的规整形状,出齿、安柄的细部造型,还有线面结合的构图,乃至浅浮雕式的立体纹饰,均强化了夏代玉器的艺术形式和审美意蕴,形成了匀称规整、多样统一、象征表意和凝重神秘的艺术风格,从而有效地实现了中国玉器主体审美观念从新石器时代“饰玉”向商周“礼玉”的过渡。

Aesthetic Characteristics of Jade in Xia Dynasty

The primitive jade craft in Xia dynasty begins to appear jade-carving technology, such as： enchased, bass-relief and round relief and so on, which make modeling and decorative design in jade utensil towards the formula and the complication possible. The shape of geometry straight and square, detail modeling of dentations and handle, and also the picture of line and side composition, and even three-dimensional decorative design of bass-relief in utensil, which all strengthen artistic form and esthetic meaning of the Xia dynasty＇s jade. They formed the artistic style that is symmetrical and neat, combining diversity into unification, symbolizing its meaning and the dignified mystical, which has effectively realized the transition of the Chinese jade carving esthetic main idea from New Stone Age ＂adorned jade＂ to Shang and Zhou dynasties ＂ritual jade＂.The Xia Dynasty’s Jade; Line Carving; Relief; Symbolizing Meaning; Dignified and Mystical